Pregnancy changes affect glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity. Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT): IRCT20120718010324N59. Vitamin D could improve the musculoskeletal pain in pregnant women but couldn’t decrease FBG, FBI, HOMA-IR, depression symptoms score, incidence of GDM and abortion. ResultsĪfter the intervention, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of FBG (P = 0.850), FBI (P = 0.353), HOMA-IR (P = 0.632), mean score of depressive symptoms (P = 0.505), frequency of gestational diabetes (P = 0.187) and frequency of abortion (P = 1.000) and there was only a difference in terms of serum vitamin D level (P = 0.016) and musculoskeletal pain including knee pain (P = 0.025), ankle pain (P < 0.001) and leg pain (P < 0.001). Independent t-test, Mann-Whitney U and ANCOVA tests were used to analyze the data. The vitamin D group received 4,000 units of vitamin D tablets daily and the control group received placebo tablets for 18 weeks. In this triple-blind randomized controlled trial, 88 pregnant women at 8–10 weeks of pregnancy who had the vitamin D of less than 30 ng/ml were randomly assigned to the vitamin D group (n = 44) and control group (n = 44) using block randomization. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to determine the effect of vitamin D supplementation on fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels, fasting blood insulin (FBI) levels and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) (primary outcomes) and symptoms of depression, musculoskeletal pain, frequency of gestational diabetes and the frequency of abortion (secondary outcomes).

Some studies have reported the effect of vitamin D deficiency on the incidence of this disorder. Gestational diabetes is one of the most common metabolic disorders during pregnancy.

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